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ECOLOGY ▪ SCIENCE ▪ EDUCATION

Indiana Nature Biology Glossary

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BIB

C

Calcareous (soil): Soil that is characterized by having a high content of calcium carbonate. Calcareous soils are usually associated with the presence of limestone.


Calyx: The outermost, usually green, series of flower parts; all of the sepals collectively. The plural of calyx is calyces.

Calyx
Calyx of tall bellflower (Campanula americana)


Capsule: A type of dry, dehiscent fruit developed from a compound ovary and containing many seeds.


Catkin: Also called “ament,” a catkin is a type of inflorescence that is elongate, often pendulous, and characterized by a cylindrical cluster of unisexual flowers, which are usually (but not always) wind-pollinated. The word catkin came from the now obsolete Dutch word katteken, which meant kitten. Catkins were said to resemble the tails of kittens.

Photograph of a catkin or ament

Catkin of American hophornbeam (Ostrya virginiana)


Cauline: Growing on or pertaining to a stem.

Photograph of a cauline leaf

Cauline leaves of spring beauty (Claytonia virginica)


Coastal Margin: The anterior edge of an insect’s wing


illustration of coastal margin
Forewing margins of regal moth (Citheronia regalis)


Compound Leaf: A type of leaf composed of two or more separate, distinct divisions, called leaflets. Compound leaves come in two primary forms: palmately compound and pinnately compound. The opposite of a compound leaf is a simple leaf.


Illustration of compound leaves



Cordate: Heart-shaped.

Photograph of a cordate leaf
Cordate leaf of an eastern redbud (Cercis canadensis)


Corm: In botany, a bulb-like underground stem base used for storage and vegetative reproduction.


Corolla: the petals of a flower collectively. The inner portion of the perianth.

image of a corolla

Crypsis: A defense strategy in which an organism uses camouflage, mimicry, and other forms of concealment to avoided detection by predators.


Crypsis Images

Examples of Crypsis: Fall Cankerworm Moth (Alsophila pometaria) Camouflaged as Twig (Left), and Giant Swallowtail (Papilio cresphontes) Caterpillar Disguised as Bird Droppings (Right).